Ife Social Sciences Review https://issr.oauife.edu.ng/index.php/issr <p><strong><em>Ife Social Sciences Review</em></strong> is a journal of the Faculty of Social Sciences, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife.<em> Its </em>an international and interdisciplinary forum for the dissemination of <em>scholarly papers in the broad areas of social and management sciences. </em>We publish original research articles (both empirical and theoretical), reviews, position papers and commentaries on <em>social and management</em> issues, to inform current research, policy and practice in all areas of common interest to social scientists, management practitioners, and policy makers. The journal publishes material relevant to any aspect of <em>social and management sciences</em> from a wide range of social science disciplines (anthropology, economics, epidemiology, demography, geography, management , political science , policy, psychology, and sociology), and materials relevant to the social sciences from any of the professions concerned with physical, built environment, and management, health policy and organization. We encourage material which is of general interest to an international readership. The journal will be published two times a year- June and December.</p> en-US gbenga.olasupo@oauife.edu.ng (Matthew O. Olasupo) ifessreview@oauife.edu.ng (Matthew Olasupo) Sat, 28 Dec 2024 12:29:06 +0000 OJS 3.3.0.5 http://blogs.law.harvard.edu/tech/rss 60 Efficacy of Cognitive Behavioural Therapy and Acceptance Commitment Therapy in Treating Psychopathological Symptoms among Adolescents https://issr.oauife.edu.ng/index.php/issr/article/view/255 <p>This study was carried out to investigate the efficacy of Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (CBT) and Acceptance Commitment Therapy (ACT) in managing psychopathological symptoms (PS) among in-school adolescents in Ogun State, Southwestern Nigeria. The study utilised a pretest-posttest control quasi-experimental research design. A randomised controlled trial (RCT) of adolescents with psychopathological symptoms (PS) was performed. Twenty participants (aged 12–17 years) who reported high PS from an earlier assessment of 1028 in-school adolescents of selected secondary schools in Ogun State, Nigeria, were randomly grouped to receive either Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (CBT), Acceptance Commitment Therapy (ACT) or combined CBT + ACT. The Awaritefe Psychological Index (API, Form X) was used for assessments. A 52.1% prevalence of general psychopathology was observed among the participants. Significant reduction in the PS was observed at the 2<sup>nd</sup> 4<sup>th</sup> 6<sup>th</sup> and 8<sup>th</sup> week.&nbsp; A post-hoc analysis showed significant mean effect of time (week two, week four, week six and week eight) in reducing PS compared to the baseline result. The study revealed that CBT and ACT are efficacious in managing PS. CBT was found to be more efficacious when compared to ACT, and the combination of CBT and ACT in managing the identified PS.</p> Onyeka O. Aniemeka, Ebenezer O. Akinnawo, Bede C. Akpunne, Daniel O. Kumuyi, Deborah F. Onisile Copyright (c) 2024 Author https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ https://issr.oauife.edu.ng/index.php/issr/article/view/255 Fri, 27 Dec 2024 00:00:00 +0000 Impact of Macro Measures of Education on Fertility in Nigeria: A Time Series Analysis https://issr.oauife.edu.ng/index.php/issr/article/view/256 <p>Previous research that measured the direct influence of education on fertility in Nigeria utilized cross-sectional microdata from the Demographic and Health Survey or primary data collected from a sub-population of the country. However, such analyses are insufficient to fully account for how schooling influences fertility. Therefore, this study examines the impact of macro measures of education on fertility in Nigeria. The study analyzes yearly data rom 1970-2021 obtained from the World Bank website. The time series estimation includes descriptive analysis (frequency, percentage, mean, range, standard deviation, skewness, kurtosis), unit root tests, and the error correction model as the estimation technique. Three measures of fertility—total fertility rate (TFR), crude birth rate (CBR), and wanted fertility rate (WFR)—are the dependent variables, and macro indicators of education (school enrolment, completion rate, percentage of trained teachers, and number of primary school pupils) are the independent variables. The effect of contraceptive prevalence rate and multidimensional poverty rate were controlled. The study finds a significant inverse relationship between male primary and secondary school enrolment, female primary school completion rate, and the number of primary school pupils with fertility rates. In contrast, gross primary school enrolment for females, secondary school enrolment for females, and primary school completion rate for males have a positive correlation with fertility rates. The independent variables explain a substantial portion of the variation in TFR, CBR, and WFR, with 89%, 86%, and 75% variance explained, respectively. The study's findings present a compelling case for policymakers to invest more in increasing school enrolment and completion rates to achieve a sustainable fertility transition in Nigeria.</p> Lorretta F. C. Ntoimo, Stella A. Mbah Copyright (c) 2024 Author https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ https://issr.oauife.edu.ng/index.php/issr/article/view/256 Fri, 27 Dec 2024 00:00:00 +0000 Graffiti Usage on Buildings in Ogbomoso North Local Government Area, Nigeria https://issr.oauife.edu.ng/index.php/issr/article/view/257 <p>Understanding graffiti's impact on housing, rent, and resident satisfaction aligns with SDG 11’s goal of fostering inclusive, sustainable urbanization and ensuring affordable, safe housing. Hence, this study examined the usage of graffiti on buildings in Ogbomoso North Local Government Area of Oyo State. The study assessed factors that responsible for the choice of graffiti, and the impact of graffiti usage on housing satisfaction in the study area. 120 copies of questionnaire were distributed to residents in selected residential precincts using multistage sampling technique. The data obtained on socioeconomic characteristics of residents were summarized into frequencies, while three indices were developed for the study: the Usage of Graffiti Index (UGI), Factors Influencing Graffiti Choice Index (FIGCI), and Residents’ Satisfaction Index (RSI) to rate respondents’ opinion. The study found that "word graffiti" is the most common (33.3%) type of graffiti in the study area because it is inexpensive and simple to understand. The majority (80.8%) of homeowners value the existence of graffiti in their area, and it is often employed by youth (40.8%) for dwelling beautification (UGI = 2.44) and business marketing (UGI = 2.40). The study found that religion influences graffiti choice (FIGCI = 2.53), and that religious graffiti has a significant (25.0%) impact on inhabitants in the core area, indirectly affecting housing rent. The survey found that respondents were largely satisfied with word graffiti (RSI = 1.83), while few were satisfied with picture graffiti (RSI = 1.48). The study indicated that the majority of residents enjoy graffiti because of their religious views, and it suggests that informative orientation and awareness programs be implemented to increase residents' comprehension of the detrimental consequences of graffiti on housing satisfaction.</p> Babatunde S. Akinbami, Timothy O. Morenikeji, Kehinde A. Bolaji, Mayowa C. Ajala, Folasade O. Adigun, Eyitayo Olaleye Copyright (c) 2024 Author https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ https://issr.oauife.edu.ng/index.php/issr/article/view/257 Fri, 27 Dec 2024 00:00:00 +0000 Social Protection and Poverty in Nigeria: The Role of Conflict https://issr.oauife.edu.ng/index.php/issr/article/view/258 <p>This study investigates the role of conflict in the link between social protection and poverty in Nigeria between 1984 and 2021. The study measures social protection and poverty using social spending (government spending on social and community services) and GDP per capita, respectively. Importantly, a positive association between social protection and GDP per capita implies a poverty reduction. To achieve this objective, the study uses a dynamic Autoregressive Distributive Lag (ARDL) estimation method to ascertain the short- and long-run effects of social protection on poverty in Nigeria over the study period. The results demonstrate that poverty levels in Nigeria are lowered and raised, respectively, by social protection and conflict. Additionally, it is discovered that the relationship between social protection and poverty involves conflict significantly. The study offers several strategies to improve government expenditure on social and community services, as a measure of social protection, and to foster peace in Nigeria.</p> Tolulope Osinubi, Damilola Agbalajobi , Olufemi Osinubi Copyright (c) 2024 Author https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ https://issr.oauife.edu.ng/index.php/issr/article/view/258 Fri, 27 Dec 2024 00:00:00 +0000 Assessment of Healthcare System Resilience and Barriers to Sexual and Reproductive Health Service Delivery to Internally Displaced Women in North Central, Nigeria. https://issr.oauife.edu.ng/index.php/issr/article/view/259 <p>The resilience of healthcare systems is pivotal in determining the effectiveness of sexual and reproductive health (SRH) service delivery, especially for internally displaced women in North Central Nigeria. This study aimed to assess the resilience level of the healthcare system and identify key barriers to SRH service provision in health facilities frequented by internally displaced women. A cross-sectional research design was adopted, using quantitative and qualitative data from 14 healthcare providers in the health facilities from the IDP camps in Abuja and Benue. Data analysis was conducted using STATA version 15 and NVIVO version 11 for quantitative and thematic content analysis. Results revealed that the health system exhibited an average resilience level of 50% low and high, respectively. Specifically, the study showed the health system's resilience level in different aspects – governance (64.3%), resources (57.1%), service delivery (64.3%), and finance (42.9%) and identified significant barriers which include limited funding, lack of access to preferred family planning methods, and spousal disapproval impeding service uptake. The study advocates for policy interventions to enhance healthcare system resilience in IDP camps, addressing SRH needs and improving access to specialized healthcare providers, including surgeons, doctors, and nurses. Policymakers must prioritize these reforms to safeguard the SRH rights of displaced women, ensuring equitable and accessible care.</p> Adline Okorafor Kwala , Leopold Ouedraogo , Joy Stephen Amusan , Gbemisola Bolanle Ogbeye , Funmilola Folasade Oyinlola Copyright (c) 2024 Author https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ https://issr.oauife.edu.ng/index.php/issr/article/view/259 Fri, 27 Dec 2024 00:00:00 +0000 Exploring the Relationship Between Economic Hardship and Suicidal Ideation Among Gen Z and Millennials: A Comparative Study https://issr.oauife.edu.ng/index.php/issr/article/view/260 <p>This study aims to explore the relationship between economic hardship and suicidal ideation among Generation Z (Gen Z) and Millennials in southwestern Nigeria. Specifically, it assesses the prevalence of economic hardship and suicidal ideation in both cohorts, compares their mental health outcomes related to economic hardship, and evaluates the effectiveness of psychoeducation as an intervention. The study employed a two-phase research design. In the first phase, a descriptive design was used to assess economic hardship and suicidal ideation among participants. The second phase involved a quasi-experimental design to evaluate the impact of psychoeducation on participants identified with moderate to severe suicidal ideation. A multi-stage sampling procedure was applied, beginning with a random selection of three southwestern states, followed by a purposive selection of federal, state, and private universities to capture diverse participant backgrounds. A sample of 401 undergraduate and postgraduate students, aged 12-43, was surveyed. The Economic Hardship Scale (EHS) and Suicidal Ideation Attributes Scale (SIAS) were used for data collection. Descriptive statistics revealed high economic hardship in both cohorts, with Gen Z showing a higher prevalence of severe suicidal ideation than Millennials. Specifically, 50.25% of Gen-z had mild suicidal ideation compared to 23.88% with moderate and 25.87% with severe. In contrast, 52.50% of millennials had mild suicidal ideation with 45% having moderate and 2.5% having severe. Correlation analysis indicated a strong positive relationship between economic hardship and suicidal ideation with Gen-z (r=.82) having a high correlational coefficient compared to millennial with (r=.75). Likewise, there was also a significant generational difference between gen-z and millennials in relation to economic hardship (t(2,399)=2.12; p &lt;.05) and suicidal ideation (t(2,399)=1.02; p &lt;.05). Post-intervention results showed significant improvements in suicidal ideation and perceived economic hardship among participants in the psychoeducation groups, particularly among Millennials, who demonstrated more substantial shifts toward milder ideation levels. This study concluded that economic hardship is significantly associated with suicidal ideation, with Gen Z showing heightened vulnerability compared to Millennials. Psychoeducation proved effective in reducing severe suicidal ideation and, indirectly, in mitigating perceptions of economic hardship. These findings highlight the need for generationally tailored mental health interventions addressing economic stress.</p> Olasunkanmi P. Oladele, Tinuoye J. Uthman, Stephen I. Babatunde, Temitope E. Aborisade Copyright (c) 2024 Author https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ https://issr.oauife.edu.ng/index.php/issr/article/view/260 Fri, 27 Dec 2024 00:00:00 +0000 Assessment of the Environmental Quality in Ughelli Town, Delta State, Nigeria https://issr.oauife.edu.ng/index.php/issr/article/view/261 <p>This study assessed the prevailing environmental condition in Ughelli using the Pressure-State-Response-Framework (PSR). A mixed method approach was adopted to evaluate the indicators of the urban Environmental Quality using participants’ views and opinions. The results showed that Ughelli was growing chaotically with serious implications on the urban environment. However, the outcome of Analysis of variance (ANOVA) show variation in environmental quality between the core, intermediate and the fringe (<em>P</em>&lt;0.05 level, noise pollution F=2.399, sig = 0.18, indiscriminate waste disposal F= 2,399, sig = 0.12, congestion F= 2,399, sig = 0.000, compliance to approve building plans F= 2,399, sig = 0.038).&nbsp; The result also showed that flooding and erosion do not vary in the core, intermediate and urban fringe (F= 2,399, sig = 0.479). The study concluded that development should be regulated within the PSR framework. The study recommended for the deployment of urban sustainability framework designed by the World Bank to provide holistic solutions to the multiplicity of socioeconomic and environmental problems in Ughelli town, Delta state, Nigeria</p> Efe Agabi, Justin. E. Agheyisi Copyright (c) 2024 Author https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ https://issr.oauife.edu.ng/index.php/issr/article/view/261 Fri, 27 Dec 2024 00:00:00 +0000 Urban Sprawl and Its Impact on Land Use/Cover Change of Ile-Ife, Nigeria https://issr.oauife.edu.ng/index.php/issr/article/view/262 <p>One of the major consequences of expansive urban growth is the degradation and loss of forest and productive agricultural land. This study examined urban growth and changes in land use/cover of the study area between 1986 and 2017; measured the extent of urban expansion; assessed its impact on forest and agricultural land area. Multi-date Landsat satellite imageries of 1986, 2000 and 2017 (Landsat TM, Landsat ETM+ and Landsat OLI respectively) with spatial resolution of 30m were used for the study. The imageries were used to generate land use/cover for the study period. While Landsat TM 1986 and ETM+ 2000 were processed in ILWIS 3.3 Academic software, Landsat OLI 2017 was processed in Erdas Imagine 9.2 software because of compatibility. All the imageries were geometrically corrected, enhanced and classified into five different land uses/covers. The classes include built-up area/urban, agro-forestry, water body, shrub/fallow/farmlands and bare rocks. The result shows that the land uses/covers exhibited changes with time. Between 1986 and 2000, the area of agroforestry increased by 9.6% due to the prevailing season. But the reverse was the case between 2000 and 2017 when the land use decreased by 21.1%. The urban area increased steadily. From 1986 to 2000, the areal extent rose by 1.8% and rapidly increased by 12.3% within the period of 15 years (2000-2017). On the contrary, the shrub/fallow area decreased from 9.8% between 1986 and 2000 and further decreased by 1% between 2000 and the year 2017. There were variations in the coverage of water body with time. However, the area occupied by exposed rock became more widened as urban expanded. In conclusion, urban expansion induced serious alteration on the natural environment in the study area thus; urban planners and the policymakers should make efforts at directing urban growth away from sensitive ecological areas</p> Nathaniel O. Adeoye, David O. Baloye Copyright (c) 2024 Author https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ https://issr.oauife.edu.ng/index.php/issr/article/view/262 Fri, 27 Dec 2024 00:00:00 +0000 Psychological Determinants of Self-stigmatization and Coping Styles among Inmates Awaiting Trial in a Maximum-security Prison in Lagos, Nigeria https://issr.oauife.edu.ng/index.php/issr/article/view/263 <p>This study examines the psychological determinants of self-stigmatization and coping style among inmates awaiting trial in a maximum-security prison in Lagos, Nigeria. Adopting the quantitative method, a self-administered structured questionnaire was used to collect data from a convenient sample of 100 inmates. Data collected was coded, scored, and inputted into the statistical package for social sciences (SPSS). Multiple regression was used to analyze the hypotheses at a confidence level of 0.05. Results revealed that physical health, general health and suicidal ideation did not have a joint prediction of self-stigmatization among inmates awaiting trial. Results also revealed that physical health, general health and suicidal ideation jointly predicted coping styles among inmates awaiting trial. The study recommends among others that the criminal justice system should adopt a process of fast-tracking the trial of remand prisoners. A speedy criminal justice system will help reduce pre-trial detainees in our prisons, as well as reduce the problem of prison congestion</p> Diyeli S. Aigbe, Mobolaji G. Olasupo, Emmanuel A. Isinkaye Copyright (c) 2024 Author https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ https://issr.oauife.edu.ng/index.php/issr/article/view/263 Fri, 27 Dec 2024 00:00:00 +0000 Career Choice: Exploring the Predisposing Factors and Challenges of Psychiatry Specialisation among Obafemi Awolowo University’s Clinical Students https://issr.oauife.edu.ng/index.php/issr/article/view/264 <p>Mental healthcare in Nigeria faces critical challenges, exacerbated by a severe shortage of mental health practitioners and facilities, yet, many of the medical students are still not wanting to specialise in psychiatry. This paper investigates the factors influencing medical students' specialisation choices, with a focus on psychiatry, at Obafemi Awolowo University, Nigeria. Using qualitative methods with Social Action Theory as a framework, the study explores how students' personal experiences, societal expectations, and stigmatisation shape their perceptions of psychiatry. The study reveals that financial considerations, passion, family influence, and clinical exposure are key determinants of specialisation choice. While some students express interest in psychiatry for its unique and holistic approach, the field faces significant stigma, both from patients and within the medical community. This stigma and limited access to care for individuals with mental health needs also deter medical students from pursuing psychiatry as a career. This paper also highlights the need for improved psychiatric education, increased awareness, and stigma reduction initiatives to attract more students to the field.</p> Oluwadamilola E. Adedeji , Timothy O. Alabi Copyright (c) 2024 Author https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ https://issr.oauife.edu.ng/index.php/issr/article/view/264 Fri, 27 Dec 2024 00:00:00 +0000 Nigeria-Benin Republic Relations and Border Management https://issr.oauife.edu.ng/index.php/issr/article/view/265 <p>Nigeria from its inception has established relationships with other countries of the world (including her African neighbours) which include security, trade, and other economic transactional in and out of its national boundaries. Nigeria's relations with her African neighbours, particularly Benin Republic have been mutual respect for their independence, sovereignty, and territorial integrity. The two West African nations have a shared border that spans over 770 kilometres, making it a focal point for various diplomatic, economic, and security concerns. This study aims to examine those factors that influence Nigeria-Benin Republic relations and the challenges both countries experience in terms of border management. The study relies on secondary sources of data. The study employs the theory of transnationalism in analyzing the subject matter. The study finds that historical ties and shared cultural heritage contribute to the strong bond between the two nations and recommends that the governments of both countries strengthen regional integration frameworks through ECOWAS and enhance infrastructure and technological capabilities</p> Shakira H. Osasona Copyright (c) 2024 Author https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ https://issr.oauife.edu.ng/index.php/issr/article/view/265 Fri, 27 Dec 2024 00:00:00 +0000 Working Capital Management and Financial Performance of Listed Pharmaceutical Companies in Nigeria https://issr.oauife.edu.ng/index.php/issr/article/view/266 <p>This study examines the impact of working capital management on the financial performance of selected pharmaceutical companies listed in Nigeria. Specifically, it investigates the effects of the Account Receivables Period (ARP), Number of Days Inventory Held (NDIH), and Cash Conversion Cycle (CCC) on the Return on Investment (ROI) of these companies. A panel data regression analysis was employed, using both fixed and random effects models, to analyze data spanning from 2012 to 2021 as extracted from the annual reports of the selected pharmaceutical companies. The results from the random effects model as optimal from the Hausman test revealed that ARP has a significant negative impact on ROI (&nbsp;= -0.02295, t=-3.8315, p-value &lt; 0.05), indicating that longer receivables periods are associated with lower financial performance. In contrast, CCC shows a significant positive relationship with ROI (&nbsp;= 0.00631, t= 2.6418, p-value &lt; 0.05), suggesting that a well-managed cash conversion cycle can enhance profitability. However, NDIH does not exhibit a statistically significant effect on ROI (&nbsp;= 0.00616, t= 1.470321, p-value &gt; 0.05), implying that inventory holding periods may not directly influence financial returns in this sector. These findings underscore the importance of efficient working capital management practices in optimizing financial performance within the pharmaceutical industry in Nigeria. The study contributes to the growing body of literature on working capital management by providing insights into the specific dynamics at play in the pharmaceutical sector, offering practical implications for managers and policymakers aiming to improve corporate profitability.</p> Sherif Babajide Balogun, Olukunle Ibukun Fatogun Copyright (c) 2024 Author https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ https://issr.oauife.edu.ng/index.php/issr/article/view/266 Fri, 27 Dec 2024 00:00:00 +0000 Sociocultural and Household Factors Associated with Health-Related Quality of Life of Older People in Ile-Ife https://issr.oauife.edu.ng/index.php/issr/article/view/267 <p>Health-related quality of life (HRQOL) is an important indicator of the health status of older adults. The AgeWatch Index ranked the health status of older Nigerians one of the worst globally. Yet little is known about the factors contributing to this condition of the older population, especially in Ile-Ife. This study investigates the socio-cultural and household factors contributing to HRQOL of older adults in Ile-Ife. This&nbsp; cross-sectional study utilized quantitative data collected from 250 older persons aged 60 years or above, who were selected using stratified and simple random sampling techniques. Eligible respondents were interviewed on issues relevant to the study objectives, using a well-structured questionnaire. The outcome variable is the HRQOL while the explanatory variables were socio-cultural factors including religion, ethnicity, religiosity, rural/urban residence, cultural perceptions and roles; and household factors including marital status, family type, and living arrangements. Associations between the outcome and explanatory variables were examined using binary logistic regression. The result indicated that 54% of the respondents had good HRQOL, with variations across its domains: emotional (94%), physical (50.8%) and social well-being (12.4%). Good HRQOL was associated with being married (OR=2.46; p&lt;0.05; 95% C.I.=1.29-4.69), living with immediate family (OR=2.43; p&lt;0.05; 95% C.I.=1.03-5.75) or a polygamous family setting (OR=2.88; p&lt;0.05; 95% C.I.=1.08-7.65), living in modern apartment (OR=2.61; p&lt;0.01; 95% C.I.=1.45-4.69), and urban residence (OR=2.58; p&lt;0.01; 95% C.I.=1.45-4.61). Female and pensionable older adults had higher odds of good HRQOL, unlike their economically active and culturally minded counterparts with lower odds. The findings highlight the need for comprehensive, multi-sectoral policies that address the financial, social, and healthcare needs of older people to promote healthy aging in Nigeria.</p> Jacob Wale Mobolaji , Olaide Ayotomiwa Folowose Copyright (c) 2024 Author https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ https://issr.oauife.edu.ng/index.php/issr/article/view/267 Fri, 27 Dec 2024 00:00:00 +0000 Utilization of Preconception Care and Associated Factors among Women of Reproductive Ages in Southwest, Nigeria https://issr.oauife.edu.ng/index.php/issr/article/view/268 <p>This study investigated the utilization of preconception care (PCC) among women of reproductive age in Southwest Nigeria, a region with high maternal and perinatal mortality rates. Preconception care is a critical intervention aimed at addressing health risks before conception, thereby improving pregnancy outcomes. Using a cross-sectional design, this study examined the prevalence of PCC utilization, the services accessed, and factors influencing uptake. The findings revealed that 29.2% of respondents utilized PCC services, with physical health assessments and health history screenings being the most commonly accessed. However, 70.8% of women reported never utilizing PCC, indicating a significant gap in engagement. Key determinants of PCC utilization included age and cultural barriers. Women aged 20–24 years were less likely to utilize PCC than those aged 15–19 (AoR=0.322, C.I=0.133–0.783, p=0.012). Furthermore, women who perceived no cultural barriers to PCC were less likely to access these services than those who identified such barriers (AoR=0.518, C.I=0.335–0.801, p=0.003). Socio-demographic factors such as marital status, age at marriage, employment status, parity, number of children, and intention to have more children were also significant at the bivariate level. These findings underscored the need for targeted interventions to raise awareness, address cultural perceptions, and integrate PCC into routine healthcare services. Enhancing access to PCC can significantly improve maternal and child health outcomes and contribute to achieving the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) related to health and well-being.</p> Olutunde Emmanuel Olukoga , Lukman Adeleke Bisiriyu , Kwala Adline Okorafor , Ibironke Omowunmi Oluwadiya , Immanuel Oluwadare Shittu , Moses Oluwasegun Akobi Copyright (c) 2024 Author https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ https://issr.oauife.edu.ng/index.php/issr/article/view/268 Fri, 27 Dec 2024 00:00:00 +0000 Roles of Social Support and Life Satisfaction on Entrepreneurial Intention among Selected University Students in Oye-Ekiti, Nigeria https://issr.oauife.edu.ng/index.php/issr/article/view/269 <p>The current alarming unemployment rate in most African countries, particularly Nigeria, has necessitated a call for change in job orientation, especially among the teeming youth population of the country’s undergraduates, aiming to imbibe positive attitudes towards entrepreneurial intention that can serve as alternative employment means. Therefore, this study investigated social support and life satisfaction as predictors of entrepreneurial intention among undergraduates of the Federal University of Oye, Ekiti state, Nigeria. This study adopted an expo-facto research design. A total sample of 350 respondents participated in this study, and the sample was selected through a multistage sampling technique. Three (3) standardized psychological instruments were used for data collection in this study. These instruments include the Perceived Social Support Scale, Satisfaction with Life Scale, and Entrepreneurial Intention Scale. Three (3) hypotheses were tested using multiple regression analysis and independent t-test analysis. The result of hypothesis one shows that there was a significant joint influence of social support and life satisfaction on entrepreneurial intention, {F(2,347) = 16.93, R<sup>2</sup> =0.09;p&lt;.05}. The result of the second hypothesis reveals a significant prediction of family support {F(1,348)=34.92, R<sup>2</sup> = 0.09; p&lt;.05, friend support [F(1,348) =14.71, R<sup>2</sup> = 0.04; p&lt;.05} and significant others{F(1,348) = 19.99, R<sup>2</sup> = 0.05; p&lt;.05} on entrepreneurial intention. The result of hypothesis three shows that there is a significant difference between male and female undergraduates in attitude towards entrepreneurial intention [t (348) = 3.256; p&lt;0.05]. This study concluded that social support and life satisfaction are important determinants of entrepreneurial intention among university undergraduates.</p> Kamal A. Odunjo-Saka, Saheed A. Saka, Gloria O. Olajide Copyright (c) 2024 Author https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ https://issr.oauife.edu.ng/index.php/issr/article/view/269 Fri, 27 Dec 2024 00:00:00 +0000 Relationship between Service Quality and Customer Satisfaction among Hotels in Ota, Nigeria https://issr.oauife.edu.ng/index.php/issr/article/view/270 <p>The goal of this study was to examine the impact of service quality on customer satisfaction among selected hotels in Ota, Ogun State. The study examined at the influence of assurance, responsiveness and reliability and its impact on customer satisfaction. The study made use of descriptive design for the study. The selected research design was suited for the study since the aim of the study was to look at how service quality variables affected satisfaction in hotels. A total of 129 copies of questionnaire was distributed, with all of them collected and analysed and used for the study. A Likert scale questionnaire was used to assess demographic data, while Pearson Product Moment Correlation analysis was used to examine the relationship between service quality and customer satisfaction. The study showed a strong relationship between service quality (reliability, assurance and responsiveness) and customer satisfaction. The study suggests that managers and hotel owners should concentrate more on those factors which can increase satisfaction, which are reliability, assurance of their clients and quick response to issues placed out.</p> Titilayo S. Folarori, Temitayo A. Onifade, Richard T. Akindele, Omolola O. Adebiyi Copyright (c) 2024 Author https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ https://issr.oauife.edu.ng/index.php/issr/article/view/270 Fri, 27 Dec 2024 00:00:00 +0000 Prevalence and Correlates of Knowledge of Risky Sexual Behaviour among Out-of-School Adolescents in Oyo state, Nigeria https://issr.oauife.edu.ng/index.php/issr/article/view/271 <p>This study investigated the prevalence and correlates of knowledge of risky sexual behaviour among out-of-school&nbsp;adolescents in Oyo state, Nigeria. A descriptive cross-sectional design was employed for the study among adolescents aged 10-19 years who are currently out-of-school. A sample size of 519 out-of-school adolescents from the three senatorial districts participated. Data were collected through a structured interviewer-administered questionnaire. The data collected was analysed using both descriptive and inferential statistics. The findings revealed that 44.1% of the out-of-school adolescents had good knowledge of risky sexual behaviour. The correlates of knowledge of Risky sexual behaviour were age [14-17 years: OR= 0.47; p=0.046 and 18-19 years: OR; 0.35; P=0.020], Religion (OR: 0.65, p=0.043), Age of dropout (17-19 years: OR=0.29, p=0.029), position in the family (OR: 0.41, p= 0.003), parent employment status (OR: 0.43, p&lt;0.001). The study concluded that out-of-school adolescents had low knowledge of risky sexual behaviour, with age, religion, dropout age, family position, and parental employment status as key correlates. Educating these adolescents and their parents about the risks of multiple sexual partners and unprotected intercourse is essential to enhance their awareness and understanding</p> Ibironke Omowunmi Oluwadiya Copyright (c) 2024 Author https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ https://issr.oauife.edu.ng/index.php/issr/article/view/271 Fri, 27 Dec 2024 00:00:00 +0000 Demographic correlates of Christians’ and Muslims’ interfaith insensitivity when communicating with African Traditional Religion adherents in Iwo, Osun State, Nigeria https://issr.oauife.edu.ng/index.php/issr/article/view/272 <p>Interfaith insensitivity is one of the manifestations of prejudice towards adherents of other faiths, and the challenge of interreligious crises in Nigeria is often directly or indirectly linked to it. While interreligious crises have received much scholarly attention, studies are rare on the relationship between interfaith insensitivity and the&nbsp;demographic characteristics of Nigerians. Therefore, this study examined the relationship between interfaith insensitivity and selected demographic characteristics (gender, age, level of education, average monthly income, and religious hierarchy) of Muslims and Christians in Iwo, a Muslim-dominated town in Southwest Nigeria. The study was a survey where 436 Muslims and 422 Christians participated. The majority of the participants (88.3% Muslims and 91.2% Christians) were youths. The study’s independent samples t-test findings affirmed that Muslim males had higher levels of interfaith insensitivity than Muslim females (t = 3.63; <em>p</em> &lt; .01); however, there was no significant difference between Christian males’ and females’ levels of interfaith insensitivity. The Pearson correlation matrix results showed that as Muslims’ age, levels of income, and religious hierarchy increased, their levels of interfaith insensitivity reduced (Age r = -.21, Sig (<em>p</em>) &lt; .01; Average monthly income r = -.35, Sig (<em>p</em>) &lt; .01; and Religious hierarchy r = -.23, Sig (<em>p</em>) &lt; .01). However, contrary to expectation, the results also showed that as Muslims’ levels of education increased, their levels of interfaith insensitivity increased (r = .11, Sig (<em>p</em>) &lt; .05). For the Christian participants, levels of interfaith insensitivity reduced with increasing age (r = -.14, Sig (<em>p</em>) &lt; .01), but it had no significant relationship with their levels of education, average monthly income, or religious hierarchy</p> Oluwaseun Ayomipo, Ayobami Ojebode, Babatunde Ojebuyi, Peter Olapegba Copyright (c) 2024 Author https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ https://issr.oauife.edu.ng/index.php/issr/article/view/272 Fri, 27 Dec 2024 00:00:00 +0000 Understanding the Dynamics of Sex-related Conversations among Emerging Adults in a Nigerian University Setting https://issr.oauife.edu.ng/index.php/issr/article/view/273 <p>Communication between parents and emerging adults about sex-related topics plays a significant role in shaping healthy sexual behaviours and outcomes among emerging adults. However, limited knowledge about how such discussions occur between parent and emerging adults of Obafemi Awolowo University (OAU), Ile-Ife, Nigeria necessitated this study. This study examined the perspectives and experiences of emerging adults at Obafemi Awolowo University in discussing sex-related topics with their parents. It identified the strategies used to initiate the conversations, assessed the perceived impact of such discussions on sexual health behaviours, determined the most frequently discussed sex-related topics, and evaluated how students perceive their parents' knowledge and openness on sex-related topics. A convergent mixed-methods design, combining qualitative and quantitative approaches was employed. The design enabled gaining holistic view of the research problem. The quantitative data were collected via ODK and analysed using descriptive statistics with the aid of SPSS and the qualitative data was thematically analysed by leveraging on ATLAS.ti. The results showed that mothers were often the primary initiators of discussions about sex-related topics, although a significant portion of students also took the initiative themselves. Face-to-face communication was preferred, and while students generally felt moderately satisfied with the guidance received, there were differences in comfort levels. Topics such as relationships and dating were more frequently discussed, whereas important topics like Sexually Transmitted Infections (STIs) and contraception were less commonly addressed. Students perceived their parents as having moderate knowledge and varying levels of openness, with different communication styles impacting the effectiveness of these discussions. This study fills a knowledge gap about parent-child communication on sex life at OAU, highlighting the need for open, supportive parental engagement. It underscores the importance of direct communication and suggests areas for improvement in sexual education by addressing cultural and emotional barriers that may limit effective discussions.</p> Taofeek Kolawole Aliyu Copyright (c) 2024 Author https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ https://issr.oauife.edu.ng/index.php/issr/article/view/273 Fri, 27 Dec 2024 00:00:00 +0000 Satisfaction Effects of Inland Water Transport on Intra-Urban Passengers’ Travel Behaviour between Ikorodu and Lagos Island Corridors in Lagos, Nigeria https://issr.oauife.edu.ng/index.php/issr/article/view/274 <p>The daily traffic congestion on the roads in Lagos has culminated in unwarranted traffic delays, unpredictable travel time between origin and destination (O-D), excessive loss of energy, stressful situations and loss of precious man-hours. Thus, this study aimed at examining in Lagos, Nigeria the shift in passengers’ travel behaviour paradigm from road public transport to water public transport. One hundred and sixty-nine (169) copies of the questionnaire designed to elicit data for this survey were distributed through convenience sampling technique to passengers boarding government-owned ferries with one-way trip, from Ikorodu to six purposively selected destinations (CMS, Falomo, Ebute-Ero, Apapa, Ikoyi &amp; Lekki), in Lagos Island.&nbsp; There were more government-owned (60.9%) ferries, than privately-owned ones (39.1%). Findings from the passengers patronising government-owned ferries showed that there are more males (53.8%) than females (46.2%), and more married (74.0%) than singles (26.0%). Most (98.8%) passengers attested to making daily trips, and one trip per day (89.3%). Of all the six trip destinations, CMS had the most (27.8%) attraction end, due to its business functions. Most passengers (60.4%) said that ferry water transport saves time, thus, the majority (63.9%) of passengers were satisfied with the waiting time at the terminals, despite the higher transport fare of <span style="text-decoration: line-through;">N</span>1,000 ($0.5*) which was constant to each of the six trip destinations, compared to the cost of <span style="text-decoration: line-through;">N</span>400 ($0.4) of the same trip length via the road travel mode. The majority (93.5%) of passengers embarked on work trips. The Multi-Criteria Model computed showed the satisfaction index of ferry water transport services to be 24.04 and all the passengers agreed to this and advocated for more ferry acquisition.</p> Oluwatimilehin Gabriel Oluborode, Joy Orevaoghene Nwaezeigwe, Olorunfemi Ayodeji Olojede, Tobi Samson Elujide Copyright (c) 2024 Author https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ https://issr.oauife.edu.ng/index.php/issr/article/view/274 Fri, 27 Dec 2024 00:00:00 +0000 Social Media Information and COVID-19 Vaccine Acceptance and Uptake: A Study of Shomolu Local Government in Lagos State, Nigeria https://issr.oauife.edu.ng/index.php/issr/article/view/275 <p>The COVID-19 pandemic has emerged as a formidable challenge, profoundly impacting the socio-economic stability of countries worldwide. To overcome the COVID-19 pandemic, health workers, biologists, and scientists have developed a vaccine that will reduce its spread among the human population. This study investigated specific objectives such as the nature of messages, conspiracy theories, and beliefs in efficacy and how these influence COVID-19 vaccine acceptance and uptake among Shomolu residents. A cross-sectional survey was used to generate data for this study. The location was Shomolu local government area (LGA) of Lagos State, Nigeria. A multistage sampling technique was utilized to select the respondents in the survey. A structured questionnaire with the aid of Kobo Toolbox was used to collect data, while the frequency count and percentage and a chi-square were used to achieve the objective of the study. A total of 400 respondents were selected. 254 of the respondents (63.5%) explained that most of the information disseminated on the vaccine was not valid enough to convince people, and 345 (86.5%) specified that conspiracy contents were so prevalent as to disrupt the acceptance and uptake of the COVID-19 vaccine. The findings of the study at a p-value of &lt;0.05 showed that there is a significant relationship between social media information and COVID-19 vaccine acceptance and uptake. Vaccine acceptance among participants in the study area experienced lower vaccination rate, potentially increasing health disparities and inequities. As a result, initiatives such as a nationwide communication and behavioral intervention campaign that ensures high enough vaccination coverage against the COVID-19 virus should be implemented.</p> Opeyemi Abdulazeez Abdulganiyu , John Lekan Oyefara, Bidemi Ibrahim Abdullateef Copyright (c) 2024 Author https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ https://issr.oauife.edu.ng/index.php/issr/article/view/275 Fri, 27 Dec 2024 00:00:00 +0000